RIG-1, Retinoic Acid-inducible Gene 1 Protein, DEAD-box Protein 58, Probable ATP-dependent RNA Helicase DDX58

RIG-I and MDA5 are highly conserved helicases involved in the innate immune response to virus. RIG-I is a member of the DEAD-box RNA helicases and is activated by cytoplasmic dsRNA and 5'-ppp RNA produced during the viral replication. The protein is characterized by a N-terminal region with two caspase recruitment domains (CARD) and a C-terminal region harboring potential ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity. RIG-I recruits the CARD adaptor inducing IFN-beta (Cardif) in a CARD-CARD-dependent manner resulting in NF-kappaB and IRF3 activation.