In cells, excess of metabolic fuel is converted into fatty acids in cytosol and oxidized later in mitochondria to generate ATP and acetyl-CoA. In fatty acid synthesis, catalytic formation of malonyl-CoA (precursor for long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, LCFA-CoA) from acetyl-CoA by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC-1) is the rate limiting step. The translocation of LCFA-CoA from cytosol to mitochondria is catalyzed by two carnitine palmitoyl transferases (CPT-1 & CPT-2) and regulated by ACC-2, the rate limiting step of mitochondrial fatty acid b-oxidation. Activities of ACC-1 and 2 are regulated by their phosphorylation by 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Diabetes deranges AMPK master-switch and represses the ACC-1 gene-expression and stimulates excessive fatty acid oxidation which in turn interferes with glucose metabolism. ACC1 is also known as ACC-alpha is a cytosolic enzyme, enriched in liver, adipose and lactating mammary tissues. ACC1 catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting step in the biogenesis of LCFA-CoA. ACC1 carries three functions: biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase, and carboxyltransferase (catalytic activity). Two variants of ACC-1 have been described. One with 8 additional amino acids commencing at Pro-1196. The other which is 59aa shorter than the predominant fat and liver isoform exist in mammals. The presence of 8 additional amino acids inhibits the in vitro phosphorylation of the Ser1200 by camp-dependent kinase. The two ACC1 isoform are differentially regulated in a tissue specific manner and under different physiological conditions. The activity of ACC1 is finely regulated by hormone dependent phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.

Suitable for use in ELISA and Antibody Blocking. Not suitable for use in Western Blot. Other applications have not been tested.

ELISA: 50-100ng of peptide per well. Antibody Blocking: 5-10ug per 1ug A0225-01A (affinity purified antibody) or per 1ul A0225-01B (antiserum). Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.

May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

Synthetic

Highly purified

~1mg/ml

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.5, 0.05% sodium azide.

This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.