IQ is highly mutagenic in the Ames test. Investigations have shown that this compound may be present in broiled fish, fried beef, commercial beef extracts and protein pyrolysates. 2-Amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) is a genotoxic agent that can cause DNA damage and cell death in mammalian cells. IQ is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to reactive metabolites that bind to DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II. This leads to the formation of bulky adducts in the DNA and ultimately causes cell death. IQ has been shown to be carcinogenic in mice, as it induced liver lesions and t-cell lymphomas. The drug has also been used as a model system for the study of carcinogenesis caused by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5b]pyridine (PhIP).
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