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Specifications

Clone Host Grade Applications Polyclonal Rabbit Serum E B

Cytochrome C enzyme is a nuclear encoded protein located in the mitochondria of all aerobic cells. It is involved in the electron transport system that functions in oxidative phosphorylation. It accepts electrons from cytochrome b and transfers them to cytochrome oxidase. In the process the iron of the heme group (which is identical to that of hemoglobin and myoglobin) shifts from the ferrous to the ferric state. Human cytochrome c has 105aa (~12kD).
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the regulation of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Apoptosis is driven by two classes of specialized proteases known as caspases (Cysteine aspartase). The initiator caspases can be activated by self-cleavage. The effector caspases are then activated in an amplification cascade. Several key participants are released from the mitochondria that regulate apoptosis. The first such factor (Cytochrome C) to be described binds to a cytoplasmic scaffolding protein called Apaf-1. Binding of the mitochondria factor allows Apaf-1 to form a ternary complex with, and activate, the initiator pro-caspase-9. Active caspase-9 then turns on downstream effector caspases, initiating apoptosis. Murine embryos devoid of cytochrome c died in utero by midgestation. In contrast, cells lacking cytochrome c demonstrated increased sensitivity to cell death signals triggered by TNF.
Catalog #	C9095-05C
Applications	Suitable for use in Western Blot and ELISA. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilutions	Western Blot: 1:500-1:3000; Western Blot Positive Control available. See C9095-05D. Load 10ul per lane.
	ELISA: 1:10,000-1:50,000
	Optimal dilution determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability	May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
CAS Number	n/a
Clone Type	Polyclonal
Isotype	IgG
Host	Rabbit
Source	Bovine
Concentration	Not Determined
Form	Supplied as a liquid in PBS, 0.05% sodium azide.
Purity	Serum
Immunogen	Bovine Cytochrome C, conjugated to KLH.
Specificity	Recognizes bovine Cytochrome C. Species Crossreactivity: mouse and rat
Important Note	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.