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DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine)
DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine)
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| OxPAPC is a prototypic biologically active oxidized phospholipid first isolated from LDL minimally modified by oxidation (MM-LDL). OxPAPC is an active principle of MM-LDL and mimicks several pro- and anti- inflammatory effects induced by oxidized lipoproteins. Oxidation of PAPC generates two groups of oxidized phospholipids containing either fragmented or oxygenated sn-2 residues. The best-characterized fragmented species contain a five-carbon sn-2 residue bearing omega-aldehyde or omega-carboxyl groups. Oxygenation of arachidonic acid residue produces phospholipids containing esterified isoprostanes. Both fragmented and oxygenated species can regulate immune reactions. Pro-inflammatory effects of OxPAPC induce stimulation of endothelial cells to bind monocytes and induction of tissue clotting factor, IL-8, MCP-1, G-CSF and other mediators of atherothrombosis. Anti- inflammatory effects of OxPAPC are mediated by induction of protective enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 and suppression of innate immune responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to inhibition of LPS recognition by LPS-binding protein (LBP) and CD14. OxPAPC is active in vivo and was shown to protect mice from lethal endotoxin shock. | | | Catalog # | D8075-74 | | Source | Synthetic DMPC. | | Biological Activity | Biological activities of OxPAPC are mediated by a variety of signal transduction mechanisms, including elevation of cAMP and Ca2+ levels, activation of MAP kinases, PI-3-kinase and small GTPases Rac-1 and Cdc42. OxPAPC-induced protein synthesis is mediated by transcription factors such as Egr-1, NFAT, CREB, PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma, but does not involve NFkB-dependent transcription. | | Applications | Suitable for use as an unoxidized control phospholipid in experiments utilizing oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-phosphatidylcholine. Other applications not tested. | | Recommended Dilutions | Negative control for OxPAPC: The concentration range in which DMPC can be used is dependent on the cell type and should be equal to OxPAPC, usually below 100ug/ml. | | Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. | | Storage and Stability | Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile buffer. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. | | Source | Synthetic | | Form | Dried synthetic DMPC | | | Important Note | This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological. |
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