| Smad proteins are intracellular signal transducers and downstream effectors of TGF-beta/BMP signaling. Three distinct classes of Smads have been defined: the receptor-regulated (R-Smads), which include Smad1, 2, 3, 5, 8; the common-mediator Smads (co-Smads), including Smad4, and the antagonistic or inhibitory Smads (I-Smads), including Smad6 and 7 (1). |
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| Smad2 is a ubiquitously expressed, 58kD protein that is phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus in response to TGF-beta stimulation. After activation of TGF-beta receptors, Smad2 and Smad3 become phosphorylated and form heteromeric complexes with Smad4. Thereafter, these activated Smad complexes translocate to the nucleus, where they may direct transcriptional responses (2). Phosphorylation of Smad2 on Ser465 and Ser467 is required for Smad2/Smad4 complex formation and TGF-beta signaling (3). |
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| Catalog # | S1014-53D |
| Applications | Suitable for use in Western Blot. Other applications have not been tested. |
| Recommended Dilution | Western Blot: 0.1-1ug/ml |
| Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. |
| Storage and Stability | May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, add sterile glycerol (40-50%), aliquot and store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. |
| CAS Number | n/a |
| Clone Type | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Source | Human |
| Concentration | ~0.25mg/ml |
| Form | Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.1% sodium azide. |
| Purity | Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. |
| Immunogen | Synthetic peptide encompassing the phosphorylated serine 465 and 467 residues of human, mouse and rat Smad2 |
| Specificity | Detects the ~58kD Smad2 when dually phosphorylated at Ser465 and Ser467. While TGF-beta-stimulated HEPG2 lysates yielded the target band in Western Blot, the unstimulated HEPG2 lysates did not show a signal. Reactivity has been confirmed by Western Blot with TGF-beta-stimulated HEPG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma lysates. |
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| Important Note | This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological. |
