c-Jun

Figure 1. Confocal immunofluorescent image of C6 cells, anisomycin treated, and stained with c-Jun antibody [C5815-11] (green) and beta-Tubulin antibody (red) with blue fluorescent DNA dye.

c-Jun is a major component of the heterodimeric transcription factor AP-1 and is essential for embryonic development. It mediates several cellular processes, including proliferation and survival, and is up-regulated in many carcinomas. Transactivation of c-Jun is regulated by Jun-N-terminal Kinases (JNKs) through phosphorylation at Serine 63 and 73, as well as at threonine 91 and 93.

Evidence supports that phosphorylation in NH2-terminal residues of c-Jun stimulates the dephosphorylation of the COOH-terminal sites, and consequently increases the DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) isoforms are required for the phosphorylation of Threonine 91 and 93 in response to anisomycin in macrophages and TNF-alpha or anisomycin in fibroblasts.

Selected c-Jun products