Technical Data
S9500-28N
Synuclein, Nitrated, alpha, beta
Description:
a-synuclein belongs to the synuclein family, which also includesb- and g-synuclein, and is predominantly expressed in neurons, concentrated at synaptic terminals.2 Synucleins may be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport and the modulation of synaptic vesicle function. a-synuclein is a small, presynaptic protein that is the major non-amyloid component of the pathological inclusions characteristic of a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, collectively known as synucleinopathies.3 Synucleinopathies include Parkinson’s disease (PD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBVAD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA-1), and multiple system atrophy (MSA).4 Although a-synuclein is a soluble protein, it polymerizes into filaments in vitro under a variety of conditions, lending more support to the finding that it is the major building block of the filaments that form Lewy bodies (LBs).3 a-synuclein is known to reduce the fibrillization of the microtubule-associated protein, tau, and to bind various targets such as 14-3-3, protein kinase C, synphilin-1, Elk, and Tat-binding protein 1.5

Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.

Recommended Dilution:

ELISA: 0.1-1.0ug/ml
Western Blotting: 1-3ug/ml
Immunohistochemistry1: 1-5ug
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.

Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Freeze at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
TypeIsotypeCloneGrade
MabIgG4H317Affinity Purified
SizeStorageShippingSourceHost
100ug-20°CBlue IceHumanMouse
Concentration:
0.5mg/ml
Immunogen:
Recombinant full-length oxidized human a-Synuclein, which shares 95% amino acid sequence homology with mouse and rat a-Synucleins.
Purity:
Highly purified from mouse ascites by protein A affinity.
Form
Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.1% sodium azide.
Specificity:
Reacts with the C-terminal region1 of the nitrated/oxidized form of human a-Synuclein, as well as with mutated b-Synuclein.1 The binding of nSyn 12 is dependent upon nitration of either Tyr125 or Tyr136, with the recognition of Tyr136 dominating that of Tyr125.1 On Western blots, it identifies the target band at ~18kD. Reactivity has been confirmed with WT ONOO-, a recombinant wild-type form of a-Synuclein nitrated at Tyr39, 125, 133, and 136 by peroxynitrate, and with human brain extracts by Western blotting. Reactivity has also been confirmed with human DLB (dementia with Lewy bodies) and MSA (multiple system atrophy) brains by immunohistochemistry.1 Cross-reactivity with b-synuclein has been observed using bacterially-expressed and purified recombinant human proteins.1
Intended for research use only. Not for use in human, therapeutic, or diagnostic applications.
1. Duda J et al. Ann Neurol 52:205-210,2002.
2. George JM et al. Neuron 15:361-372,1995.
3. Giasson BI, et al. J Biol Chem 274(12):7619-7622,1999.
4. Giasson B et al. Neuron 34: 521-533,2002.
5. Ahn,BH et al. J Biol Chem 277:12334-1242,2002.