031446
Clone Type
MonoclonalHost
MouseSource
HumanIsotype
IgG1Clone Number
3A9Grade
Affinity PurifiedApplications
IC IF IHC WBCrossreactivity
Bo Hu Mo Po RtShipping Temp
Blue IceStorage Temp
-20°CMouse Anti-Visinin-like Protein 1 (VSNL1, VILIP, VISL1, VLP-1, Hippocalcin-like Protein 3, HLP3)
Visinin-like protein 1 (VSNL1) is a small Calcium binding protein which is very abundant in the nervous system and is found only in neurons, though different neurons have different levels of expression (4, 5). It is particularly concentrated in cerebellar Purkinje cells, and tends to be most abundant in perikarya and dendrites. The protein was discovered independently by several groups and is therefore also sometimes known as hippocalcin-like protein 3, HLP3, HPCAL3, HUVISL1, VLP-1, VILIP and VILIP-1. The protein belongs to the large superfamly of calmodulin and paravalbumin type proteins which function by binding Calcium ions. Calcium binding alters the confomation of these proteins and allow them to interact with other binding partners, the properties of which they may alter. Visinin-like protein 1 has four "EF hand" domains, which are negatively charged helix-turn-helix peptides which are responsible for Calcium binding. Visinin-like protein 1 is 191aa in size and has a molecular weight on SDS-PAGE of 22kD. The protein has recently been suggested to be a useful biomarker of Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury.
Applications
Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence, Immunocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilutions
Immunofluorescence (IC): 1:500-1:1000 Immunohistochemistry: 1:500-1:1000 Western Blot: 1:1000-1:2000 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability
May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Immunogen
Recombinant protein corresponding to full length human VSNL1
Form
Supplied as a liquid in PBS, 5mM sodium azide, 50% glycerol.
Purity
Purified by affinity chromatography.
Specificity
Recognizes human VSNL1. Species Crossreactivity: rat, mouse, porcine and bovine
Intended for research use only. Not for use in human, therapeutic, or diagnostic applications.
References
1. Hatakenaka S, Kuo CH, Miki N. Analysis of a distinctive protein in chick retina during development. Brain Res. 312:155-63 (1983).||2. Kuno T, Kajimoto Y, Hashimoto T, Mukai H, Shirai Y, Saheki S, Tanaka C. cDNA cloning of a neural visinin-like Ca(2+)-binding protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 184:1219-25 (1992).||3. Polymeropoulos MH, Ide S, Soares MB, Lennon GG. Sequence characterization and genetic mapping of the human VSNL1 gene, a homologue of the rat visinin-like peptide RNVP1. Genomics. 29:273-5 (1995).||4. Bernstein HG, Baumann B, Danos P, Diekmann S, Bogerts B, Gundelfinger ED, Braunewell KH. Regional and cellular distribution of neural visinin-like protein immunoreactivities (VILIP-1 and VILIP-3) in human brain. J Neurocytol. 28:655-62 (1999).||5. Paterlini M, Revilla V, Grant AL, Wisden W Expression of the neuronal calcium sensor protein family in the rat brain. .Neuroscience. 99:205-16 (2000).||6. Laterza OF, Modur VR, Crimmins DL, Olander JV, Landt Y, Lee JM, Ladenson JH. Identification of novel brain biomarkers. Clin. Chem. 9:1713-21 (2006).||7. Lee JM, Blennow K, Andreasen N, Laterza O, Modur V, Olander J, Gao F, Ohlendorf M, Ladenson JH. The brain injury biomarker VLP-1 is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer disease patients. Clin. Chem. 10:1617-23 (2008).||8. Tarawneh R, D'Angelo G, Macy E, Xiong C, Carter D, Cairns NJ, Fagan AM, Head D, Mintun MA, Ladenson JH, Lee JM, Morris JC, Holtzman DM. Visinin-like protein-1: diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in Alzheimer disease. Ann Neurol. 70:274-85 (2011) doi: 10.1002/ana.22448.USBio References
No references available