Human CD3 is a glycoprotein consisting of up to five polypeptide chains (gp20, gp26, p16, p20, p28) (1). CD3 is involved in T cell activation and signal transduction and is present on virtually all peripheral blood T cells and thymocytes. Antibodies to CD3 may be useful in research characterization of immunodeficiences, leukemias and lymphomas (1). CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation. The CD3 antigen is present on 68-82% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, 65-85% of thymocytes and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. It is never expressed on B or NK cells. Decreased percentages of T lymphocytes may be observed in some autoimmune diseases.
Intended for research use only. Not for use in human, therapeutic, or diagnostic applications.