Deoxyribonuclease II (Dnase II, EC.3.1.22.1) is one of the two Dnase present in mammalian tissues and biological fluids. Dnase II hydrolyzes DNA to 3'-phosphoryl oligonucleotides under acidic conditions. Dnase II is also known as "acid Dnase". It has preference of for dsDNA. Dnase II has been implicated in internucleosomal cleavage of chromatin to generate DNA fragments or ladder, a hallmark of apoptosis. Dnase II (mouse 353-aa; human 360-aa, chromosome 19p13.2-q13.4) is a lysosomal enzyme present in most tissues. Dnase Ii is synthesized as a pro-enzyme (signal peptide 1-16 aa, propeptide region of 91-aa, and 253-aa mature protein (110-353 aa) and processed to produce active enzyme containing 2-chains of ~32 and 12kD. Dnase II has no significant sequence homology with Dnase I.
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