Carbonic anhydrases (CA) are a family of ancient zinc metalloenzymes found in almost all living organisms. All CA can be divided into 3 distinct classes (alpha, beta, and gamma) that evolved independently and have no significant homology in sequence and overall folding. All functional CA catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 into HCO3- and H+ and contain a zinc atom in the active sites essential for catalysis. There are many isoforms of CA in mammals and they all belong to the alpha class (1,2).
CA2 is a cytosolic member of the alpha class. It is the most widely distributed isoform among the mammalian CAs (1). Defects in CA2 are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis (3-5). Elevated expression of CA2 is observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and the developing brains of Down syndrome patients (6,7). CA2 is also overexpressed in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) and is considered a useful marker for diagnosis (8). Recently, CA2 was reported to facilitate transporter activity of the monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 and 4 (MCT1/4) independent of its own catalytic activity (9,10)
Applications
Suitable for use in Western Blot. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution
Western Blot: 1:500-1:2000 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability
May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Immunogen
Recombinant protein corresponding to human CA2.
Form
Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.3, 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol.
Purity
Purified by affinity chromatography.
Specificity
Recognizes CA2. Species Crossreactivity: human, mouse, rat