| Amyloid-b precursor protein (APP) is the source of the amyloid-beta (Ab) peptide found in neuritic plaques of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. APP is a glycosylated transmembrane protein with a long extracellular N-terminal domain, a short intracellular C-terminal domain, and an Ab-segment of intermediate length shared between the intra- and extracellular regions.1 APP is cleaved by a-secretase immediately before or after reaching the cell surface, releasing the non-amyloidogenic secreted form of the N-terminal soluble APP fragment (sAPPa).2 APP molecules that are not cleaved by a-secretase are internalized, and subjected to b-site cleavage by b-secretase, leaving behind a membrane-bound C-terminal stub.3 This terminal stub is the substrate for g-secretase, which cleaves the molecule at g-site(s) to release the 40 aa, 42 |
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| aa, or 43 aa’long Ab peptides.4 Processing of APP by b- and g-secretases occurs under normal physiological conditions, indicating that all fragments of APP, including Ab, play roles in normal physiology.4-5 In neurons, around 95% of APP is cleaved by g-secretases while 5% is cleaved by b-secretase.6 |
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| Excessive generation of Ab and its subsequent oligomerization and fibrillation leads to the detrimental effects of AD. Reductions in the level or activity of certain APP fragments, in addition to accumulation of Ab, may play a critical role in the cognitive dysfunction associated with AD, especially in the early stages of the disease. APP fragments including Ab regulate key neural functions including cell excitability, synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation, behavorial learning, and memory.7 |
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| Applications: |
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| Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence, ELISA, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation, Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. |
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| Catalog # | A2275-73C |
| Recommended Dilution | Immunofluorescence : 5-10ug/ml |
| ELISA: 0.1-1.0ug/ml |
| Western Blotting: 1-3ug/ml |
| Immunoprecipitation : 10ug/application |
| Immunohistochemistry : 5-10ug/ml |
| Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. |
| Storage and Stability | May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Freeze at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. |
| Clone Type | Monoclonal |
| Isotype | IgG2a,k |
| Clone No | 4H304 |
| Host | Mouse |
| Source | Human |
| Concentration | 0.5mg/ml |
| Form | Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.1% sodium azide. |
| Purity | Highly purified from mouse ascites by protein A chromatography. |
| Immunogen | Synthetic peptide derived from the N-terminal region of human amyloid-b. |
| Specificity | Specific for the N-terminal region of human amyloid- b. On Western blots, it identifies a band at 125kD (mature) and 110kD (immature). This antibody has been shown to recognize both the b’-cleavage-derived N-terminal ectodomain of APP (sAPPb’) and the a-cleavage-derived N-terminal ectodomain of APP (sAPPa).8. Western blot utility has been confirmed with NT2N neurons, which are differentiated neurons derived from a NTera2 cell line.8 |
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| Important Note | This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological. |
