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Specifications

Clone Host Grade Applications Monoclonal Mouse Affinity Purified B IH IC FC

Cytokeratin 17 is an intermediate filament protein (46kD), expressed cytoplasmically by basal cells in many glandular tissues and by the reserve cells in endocervical epithelium. This antibody was suggested to be of diagnostic value allowing to discriminate benign and malignant proliferation in breast tissue and intraepithelial neoplasia with non-favorable prognosis in uterus cervix.
Catalog #	C9097-16B
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins and are characterized by a remarkable biochemical diversity, represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. They range in molecular weight between 40kD and 68kD and isoelectric pH between 4.9-7.8. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1-20. Cytokeratin 1 has the highest molecular weight and the highest isoelectric pH, while cytokeratin 19 has the lowest molecular weight and a low isoelectric pH. The cytokeratins are divided into the type I and type II subgroups, the type II family members comprising the basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8, while the type I group comprises the acidic cytokeratins 9-20. The cytokeratins are expressed in combinations which characterize the type of epithelium. The various epithelia in the human body usually express cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of maturation or differentiation within an epithelium. In summary the following cytokeratin phenotypes can be distinguished in different types of epithelia
	1. Cuboidial and columnar epithelium, or one-layered epithelium, generally referred to as “simple epithelium”, which is in direct contact with the basement membrane and has a free luminal surface at the apical side of the cell, primarily expresses cytokeratins 8 and 18 and often cytokeratins 7, 19 and 20. The latter three cytokeratins are expressed in certain subtypes of these epithelia.
	2. Stratified epithelia are subdivided into the keratinizing, the non-keratinizing and transitional type. The keratinizing and non-keratinizing epithelia have a basal cell layer which invariably expresses cytokeratins 5 and 14. The suprabasal cell layers express cytokeratins 4 and 13 in noncornifying epithelia and cytokeratins 1 and 10 in cornifying epithelia. The transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder expresses cytokeratins 4 and 13 together with the cytokeratins of the “simple” epithelia, i.e., cytokeratins 7, 8, 18, 19 and 20.
	3. Combined epithelia, morphologically characterized by a basal cell layer and a layer of columnar cells both in contact with the basement membrane. The basal cells express cytokeratins 5, 14 and 17, while the luminal cells can express different combinations of cytokeratins 7, 8, 18 and 19.
	4. Squamous epithelia with a high cell turnover express cytokeratins 6 and 16.
	In diagnostic medicine the antibodies against cytokeratins are instrumental in the distinction of epithelial malignancies from sarcomas and lymphomas of various types. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are however also being used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays.
Applications	Suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry (frozen and paraffin sections), Immunocytochemistry, Flow Cytometry, and Western Blotting. Other applications not tested.
	Optimum dilutions to be determined by researcher.
Storage and Stability	May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
Clone Type	Monoclonal
Isotype	IgG2b
Clone No	4A32
Host	Mouse
Source	Human
Concentration	1mg/ml
Form	Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2, 0.1% sodium azide. No stabilizing proteins added.
Purity	Purified by Protein G affinity chromatography.
Immunogen	Cytokeratin 17
Specificity	Species crossreactivity: Human, rat.
Important Note	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications without the expressed written authorization of United States Biological.