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P4077-10 Mouse Anti-Phosphothreonine

Specifications
References
Clone Type
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Isotype
IgG2a,k
Clone Number
15j164
Grade
Affinity Purified
Applications
E IP WB
Shipping Temp
Blue Ice
Storage Temp
-20°C
Notes
BSA Free

Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a central role in numerous biochemical pathways and functions to alter protein activity and/or conformation (3,7). Methods for detecting protein phosphorylation have predominately relied upon the use of radioactive 32P for either the in vitro or in vivo phosphorylation reaction (2,6). To identify the specific amino acid residues that become phosphorylated on a specific protein, phosphoamino acid analysis is then required (2,3,6,7). The use of radioactivity and the multi-step analysis process which follows makes the entire process both hazardous and tedious. Over the past decade, antibodies specific for phosphotyrosine were developed, many of which can detect a single phosphorylated tyrosine residue (1,4,5). Although antibodies to phosphotyrosine have been relatively straight forward to produce, the extensive structural similarity between phosphoserine and phosphothreonine has contributed to the difficulty in raising highly specific antibodies to these phosphoamino acids (6).

Applications
Suitable for use in ELISA and Western Blot. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution
ELISA: 0.1-1ug/ml Western Blot: 1-5ug/ml Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Note
Milk-derived blocking solutions reportedly contain phosphoproteins that may inhibit phosphoamino acid antibody binding and therefore should be avoided. Membrane Blocking Solutions optimized for use with anti-phosphoamino acid antibodies provide enhanced blocking of non-specific signal. A 3% BSA solution may also be used.
Accessibility of the phosphothreonine residues within the native protein, and possibly the extent of protein phosphorylation, are likely to influence the effectiveness of this antibody.
Storage and Stability
May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Immunogen
Phosphothreonine containing proteins
Form
Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.4, 0.09% sodium azide.
Purity
Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography.
Specificity
Recognizes Phosphothreonine. Reacts specifically with proteins containing phosphorylated threonine residues (phosphothreonine). Recognition of phosphothreonine containing proteins by this antibody appears to be independent of neighboring amino acids and species of origin of the phosphorylated protein. No significant crossreactivity with phosphoserine, phosphotyrosine either as free amino acids or in proteins has been observed. Has been confirmed to react with phosphothreonine containing proteins from lysates derived from EGF-stimulated A431 cells, HeLa cells, MCF-7 cells and Clone 9 (rat liver) cells.
References
1. Frackelton, A.R., et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 3: 1343 (1983). 2. Edelman, A.M., et al., Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56: 567 (1987). 3. Hunter, T., Cell 50: 823 (1987). 4. Glenny, J.R., et al., J. Immunological Meth. 109: 277 (1988). 5. Sengupta, A., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 8062 (1988). 6. Heffetz, D., et al., Methods in Enzymology 210: 44 (1991). 7. Hunter, T., Methods in Enzymology 200: 3 (1991). 8. Rintamäki, E., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272(48): 30,476–30,482 (1997). 9. Jin, D.Y., et al., Cell. 93: 81–91 (1998). 10. Reilein, A.R., et al., J. Biol. 142(3): 803–813 (1998). 11. Fleming, I.N., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 274(18): 12,753–12,758 (1999).
USBio References
No references available
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