		Technical Data
A0225-03	AcCoA Carboxylase 2 (ACC-2, Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase 2)

Description:
In cells, excess of metabolic fuel is converted into fatty acids in cytosol and oxidized later in mitochondria to generate ATP and acetyl-CoA. In fatty acid synthesis, catalytic formation of malonyl-CoA (precursor for long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, LCFA-CoA) from acetyl-CoA by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC-1) is the rate limiting step. The translocation of LCFA-CoA from cytosol to mitochondria is catalyzed by two carnitine palmitoyl transferases (CPT-1 & CPT-2) and regulated by ACC-2, the rate limiting step of mitochondrial fatty acid b-oxidation. Activities of ACC-1 and 2 are regulated by their phosphorylation by 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Diabetes deranges AMPK master-switch and represses the ACC-1 gene- expression and stimulates excessive fatty acid oxidation which in turn interferes with glucose metabolism. ACC-2 (rat 2456aa, human 2483aa, ~280kD, chromosome 12q24.1), also known as ACC-beta, is predominantly present in heart and skeletal muscle and to a lesser extent in liver. An additional ACC-2 isoform (270kD) is present in liver. In contrast to ACC-1, which is cytosolic and catalyzes only fatty acid synthesis, ACC-2 co-localizes with CPT-1 in the 'contact sites' of the mitochondrial membranes and regulates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation as well by inhibiting CPT-1 by its product malonyl-CoA. ACC-2 contains an unique 114aa long N-terminus peptide, accounting in part, for its regulatory role in fatty acid oxidation. ACC2 deficient mice accumulate 10-30 fold less malonyl-CoA in heart and muscle and show 50% less fat in the adipose tissue.

Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA and Western Blot. Other applications not tested.

Recommended Dilution:
Western Blot: 1:1000-1:5000
ELISA: 1:10,000-1:100,000 using 50-100ng of control peptide/well.
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.

Control Peptide:
A0225-03B: AcCoA Carboxylase 2, Control Peptide, Rat (ACC-2, Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase 2)

Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

Type	Isotype	Clone	Grade
Pab	IgG		Serum

Size		Storage	Shipping	Source	Host
50ul		4°C (-20°C Glycerol)	Blue Ice	Rat	Rabbit

Concentration:

Not determined

Immunogen:

Synthetic peptide consisting of 20aa sequence mapping near the N-terminus of rat ACC-2.

Purity:

Serum

Form

Supplied as a liquid, neat serum, 0.1% sodium azide, 40% glycerol.

Specificity:

Recognizes AcCoA Carboxylase 2. No significant sequence homology is seen with ACC-1 or any other protein. Species Sequence Homology: Mouse: 75%; human: 60%.

Intended for research use only. Not for use in human, therapeutic, or diagnostic applications.

1. Abe, K., et al., BBA 1398: 347-352 (1998). 2. Widemer, J., et al., Biochem. J. 316: 915-922 (1997). 3. Abu-Elheiga, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272: 10,699 (1997). 4. Abu-Elheiga, et al., PNAS 97: 1444 (2000). 5. Lee, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 276: 2576 (2001). 6. Hoppel, et al., ABB 392: 321 (2001). 7. Fraser & Zammit, Biochem. J. 329: 225 (1998). 8.Stapleton, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271: 611 (1996). 9.Mitchelhill, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272: 24,475 (1997).