Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; E.C. 4.1.1.15) is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of glutamic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory transmitter in higher brain regions, and putative paracrine hormone in pancreatic islets. Two molecular forms of GAD (65kD and 67kD, 64% aa identity between forms) are highly conserved and both forms are expressed in the CNS, pancreatic islet cells, testis, oviduct and ovary. The isoforms are regionally distributed cytoplasmically in the brains of rats and mice (Sheikh, S., et al., 1999). GAD65 is an ampiphilic, membrane-anchored protein (585aa) encoded on human chromosome10. GAD67 is cytoplasmic (594aa) and is encoded on chromosome 2. GAD expression changes during neural development in rat spinal cord. GAD65 is expressed transiently in commissural axons around E13 but is down regulated the next day while GAD67 expression increases mostly in the somata of those neurons (Phelps, P., et al., 1999). In mature rat pancreas, GAD65 and GAD67 appear to be differentially localized, GAD65 primarily in insulin-containing beta cells and GAD67 in glucagon-containing (A) cells (Li, L., et al., 1995). Changes in GAD65/GAD67 distributions have also been correlated with certain disease states such as IDDM and SMS.

Suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry, FLISA, Western Blot and Immunofluorescence. Other applications have not been tested.

Immunohistochemistry (Frozen): 1:200-1:5000 Immunohistochemistry: Paraffin sections Western Blot: 1:1000-1:10,000. A doublet at ~65/67kD is expected. Optimal working dilutions to be determined by researcher.

Brain

Store product at 4°C in the dark. DO NOT FREEZE! Stable at 4°C for 12 months after receipt as an undiluted liquid. Dilute required amount only prior to immediate use. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. Caution: MaxLight™550 conjugates are sensitive to light. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap.

Note: Applications are based on unconjugated antibody.

Synthetic peptide corresponding to DFLIEEIERLGQDL from the C-terminus of rat GAD2.

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2. Labeled with MaxLight™550.

Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography

Recognizes both molecular forms of rat glutamate decarboxylase |(GAD65 and GAD67), the enzyme which converts glutamic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory transmitter in the higher brain region. Species Crossreactivity: human, mouse and feline