PAK1 CAS

Brand

MaxLight™

Grade

Affinity Purified

EU Commodity Code

30021010

Shipping Temp

Blue Ice

Storage Temp

4°C Do Not Freeze

Notes

Preservative Free
BSA Free

MaxLight™ 650 is a new Far-IR stable dye conjugate comparable to Alexa Fluor™647, DyLight™649, Cy5™ and offers better labeling efficiency, brighter imaging and increased immunodetection. Absorbance (655nm); Emission (676nm); Extinction Coefficient 250,000.

The p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are a family of multifunctional serine/threonine kinases implicated in cell functions ranging from stress responses and apoptosis to regulation of cell motility and tumor metastasis. The three mammalian PAKs, termed PAKs 1,2, 3 or α, γ, β respectively, are members of a larger family of kinases whose catalytic domains are related to the Ste20 kinase of S. cerevisiae(5). The activity of PAKS are regulated by the specific binding of GTP-bound Rac and Cdc42 GTPases(1-3) and also by sphingosine and related lipids(4). PAK1 activation induced by a variety of growth factor- and Gprotein-coupled receptors, Fc receptors, and integrins has been reported. PAK1 has been shown to regulate activity of the MAP kinase signaling cascades. In certain cell types, PAK appears to mediate signaling to c-Jun amino terminal (JNK) kinase and p38 MAP kinase(5-7). Recent data suggests PAKs are important for the synergy between Ras and Rac to activate the ERK MAP kinases as well(7-9), and this activity of PAK may be necessary for cell transformation(7,9). PAK1 has been localized to areas of cortical actin cytoskeletal rearrangement(10) and PAK1 mutants have been shown to induce the formation of membrane ruffles, filipodia, and focal complexes in fibroblasts, while decreasing actin stress fiber and focal adhesions(11,12). Neurite extension is induced by PAK1 in PC12 cells, and NGFinduced neurite formation requires PAK function(13). Many of these biological effects appear to be independent of PAK kinase activity, but involve protein-protein interactions at the PAK N-terminus. PAK1 has been shown to bind to the SH3-containing proteins Nck(14) and PIX(15). PAK1 activation has proven useful as an indicator of Rac and Cdc42 activity in many of these processes.

Applications

Suitable for use in FLISA, Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.

Recommended Dilution

FLISA: 0.1-1ug/ml Western Blotting: 1ug/ml Immunoprecipitation: 2-5ug Optimal dilution determined by the researcher.

Storage and Stability

Store product at 4°C in the dark. DO NOT FREEZE! Stable at 4°C for 12 months after receipt as an undiluted liquid. Dilute required amount only prior to immediate use. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. Caution: MaxLight™650 conjugates are sensitive to light. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap.

Note: Applications are based on unconjugated antibody.

References

1. Manser E., et al, Nature 367:40-46 (1994).|2. Knaus U.G., et al, Science 269:221-223 (1995).|3. Martin G.A., et al, EMBO J. 14:1970-1978 (1995).|4. Bokoch G.M., et al, J. Biol. Chem. 273:8137-8144 (1998).|5. Sells M.A., and Chernoff J., Trends in Cell Biol. 7:162-167 (1997).|6. Rudel T., et al, J. Immunol. 160:7-11(1998).|7. Tang Y., et al, Mol. & Cellul. Biol. in press (1997).|8. Frost J.A., et al, EMBO J. 16:6426-6438 (1997).|9. Tang Y., et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:5139-5144 (1998).|10. Dharmawardhane S., et al, J. Cell Biol. 138:1265-1278 (1997).|11. Sells M.A., et al, Curr. Biol. 7:202-210 (1997).|12. Manser E., et al, Mol. & Cellul. Biol. 17:1129-1143 (1997).|13. Daniels R.H., et al, EMBO J. 17:754-764 (1998).|14. Bokoch G.M., et al, J. Biol. Chem. 271:25746-25749 (1996).|15. Manser E., et al, Molecular Cell 1:183-192 (1998).

USBio References

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P2488-05A-ML650 PAK1 (p21 GTPase activated protein kinase 1) (MaxLight 650) CAS:

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